Sudan


Constitutional Background

In 1989, a military junta of the NIF (National Isliamic Front) under their leader Omar Baschir established the first islamic regime in Africa, reducing the 40 newspapers to 4 and governing with the assistance of a "Council of the Fourty" led by Islamist Hassan at-Turabi. In 1995 Amnesty International reported torture and large-scale murder during arrests. The government tried to impose restrictions on the non-islamic South.

History and News

  • 12 Dec 1999: Sudan's Ramadan Fast is being broken by a dramatic palace coup; President Omar Bashir declares a state of emergency, suspends part of the constitution and sends troops to take over parliament.  The activity is targeted against the Islamist-oriented National Congress Party of Hassan Turabi.
  • 28 Dec 1997: Guerrillas from the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA), a mainly southern movement, and the Beja Congress Armed Forces, part of the northern rebels National Democratic Allicance (NDA), helped by Eritrea and Ethiopia are launching an attack on the government.
  • Sep 1995: Student-led anti-government protests in Khartoum escalate into three days of bloody riots.
  • 6 July 1995, Asmara (Eritrea): The NDA (National Democratic Alliance) unifies Sudanese oppositional parties with a new program under newly elected General Secretary Mubarak al-Fadl al-Mahdi.
  • 29 June 1995, Kairo (Egypt): Egyptian President Husni Mubarak challenges Sudan for organizing his assassination in Addis Abeba (Ethiopia) by supporting egyptian fundamentalist Mustafa Hamza.
  • 1989: Fundamentalist regime under junta chief Omar Baschir takes over the Sudan. The oppositional Umma-Party under Mamun al-Scharfi goes into exile in Egypt.

For methodology see: Comparing Constitutions and International Constitutional Law.
© 1994 - 11.2.2022 / For corrections please contact A. Tschentscher.