Germany
- The Basic Law (Constitution) (2022)
- Weimar Constitution, Excerpts (2013)
- Parliament
- Government
- Supreme Court
- German Case Law (German)
- Federal Court (German)
Constitutional Background
All amendments up to and including those of 2021 have been incorporated into this consolidated ICL edition of the constitution. An annotated version of the ICL-edition is available as a book (ISBN 9-783-8370-0712-1) and the most recent annotated text in PDF-Format is available as a free download at http://ssrn.com/abstract=1501131.
History and News
- 1 Jan 2021: Constitutional amendment (Art. 143h).
- 8 Oct 2020: Constitutional amendment (Art. 104a, Art. 143h).
- 21 Nov 2019: Constitutional Amendment (Art. 72, Art. 105, Art. 125b)
- 4 April 2019: Constitutional Amendment (Art. 104b, Art. 104c, Art. 104d, Art. 125c, Art. 143e).
- 20 July 2017: Constitutional Amendment (Art. 90, Art. 91c, Art. 104b, Art. 104c, Art. 107, Art. 108, Art. 109a, Art. 114, Art. 125c, Art. 143d, Art. 143e, Art. 143f, Art. 143g, Art. 21).
- 1 Jan 2015: Constitutional Amendment (Art. 91b).
- 27 Oct 1994: 42nd Constitutional amendment -- a major revision introducing, among other rules, affirmative action for women (Art. 3) and environmental protection (Art. 20a).
- 28 June 1993: 39th Constitutional amendment -- a major revision restricting asylum provisions.
- 24 June 1968: 17th Constitutional amendment -- a major revision introducing emergency procedures.
- 19 March 1956: 7th Constitutional amendment -- a major revision ("Wehrpflichtnovelle") re-introducing the draft.
- 23 May 1949: Constitution adopted under the name "Basic Law" ("Grundgesetz").